![]() ![]() Other ancient poets who used the Sapphic stanza are Statius (in Silvae 4.7), Prudentius, Ausonius, Paulinus of Nola and Venantius Fortunatus (once in Carmina 10.7). =stressed syllable ×=unstressed syllable ∩= brevis in longo Gasparov provides this double scansion of Ode 1.22 (lines 1-4), which also displays Horace's typical long forth syllables and caesura after the fifth:įusce, pharetra. But due to linguistic change, Horace's imitators split on whether they imitated his quantitative structure (the long and short syllables, Horace's metrical foundation), or his accentual patterns (the stressed or unstressed syllables which were somewhat ordered, but not determinative of Horace's actual formal structure). Horace's Odes became the chief models for subsequent Sapphics, whether in Latin or the later vernaculars - hence the term "Horatian Sapphic" for this modified model. Horace wrote several of his Odes in Sapphics, and two tendencies of Catullus became normative practice with Horace: the occurrence of a caesura after the fifth syllable and the fourth syllable (formerly anceps) becoming habitually long. The latter is a free translation of Sappho 31. Leaning in and listening to your sweet voice,Ī few centuries later, the Roman poet Catullus admired Sappho's work and used the Sapphic stanza in two poems: Catullus 11 (commemorating the end of his affair with Clodia) and Catullus 51 (marking its beginning). He, it seems to me, is completely godlike:Īh, that man who's sitting across from you, there, Since the Middle Ages the terms "Sapphic stanzas" or frequently simply "Sapphics" have come to denote various stanzaic forms approaching more or less closely to Classical Sapphics, but often featuring accentual meter or rhyme (neither occurring in the original form), and with line structures mirroring the original with varying levels of fidelity. The Sapphic stanza, typically conceptualized as comprising 3 lesser Sapphic lines followed by an adonic, with the structure:Ĭlassical Latin poets duplicated the Sapphic stanza with subtle modification.The lesser Sapphic, an 11-syllable line, with the structure:.–=long syllable u=short syllable |= caesura The greater Sapphic, a 15-syllable line, with the structure:.In poetry, "Sapphic" may refer to three distinct but related Aeolic verse forms: It is "the longest lived of the Classical lyric strophes in the West". Originally composed in quantitative verse and unrhymed, since the Middle Ages imitations of the form typically feature rhyme and accentual prosody. The Sapphic stanza, named after Sappho, is an Aeolic verse form of four lines. ![]() A papyrus manuscript preserving Sappho's "Fragment 5", a poem written in Sapphic stanzas ![]()
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